Sebelumnya gw dah membahas tentang praktikum mikrobiologi dgn Klebsiella pneumoniae. Bagaimana bentuk dan penyebab apakah bakteri tersebut? bakal gw bahas disini...
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Kingdom:Bacteria
Phylum:Proteobacteria
Class:Gamma Proteobacteria
Orde:Enterobacteriales
Family:Enterobacteriaceae
Genus:Klebsiella
Species:K. pneumoniae
Klebsiella pneumonia pertama kali ditemukan oleh Carl Friedlander. Carl Friedlander adalah patologis dan mikrobiologis dari Jerman yang membantu penemuan bakteri penyebab pneumonia pada tahun 1882. Carl Friedlander adalah orang yang pertama kali mengidentifikasi bakteri Klebsiella pneumonia dari paru-paru orang yang meninggal karena pneumonia. Karena jasanya,Klebsiella pneumonia sering pula disebut bakteri Friedlander. Klebsiella pneumonia adalah bakteri Gram negatif yang berbentuk
batang (basil). Klebsiella pneumonia tergolong bakteri yang tidak dapat melakukan pergerakan (non motil). Berdasarkan kebutuhannya akan oksigen, Klebsiella pneumonia
merupakan bakteri fakultatif an aerob.
Klebsiella pneumonia dapat memfermentasikan laktosa. Pada test dengan indol, lebsiella pneumonia akan menunjukkan hasil negatif. Klebsiella pneumonia dapat mereduksi nitrat. Klebsiella pneumonia banyak ditemukan di mulut, kulit, dan sal usus, namun habitat alami dari Klebsiella pneumonia adalah di tanah.
Klebsiella pneumonia dapat menyebabkan pneumonia. Pneumonia adalah proses infeksi akut yang mengenai jaringan paru-paru (alveoli). Pneumonia yang disebabkan oleh
Klebsiella pneumonia dapat berupa pneumonia komuniti atau community acquired pnuemonia. Pneumonia komuniti atau community acquired pnuemonia adalah pneumonia yang di dapatkan dari masyarakat. Strain baru dari Klebsiella pneumonia dapat menyebabkan pneumonia nosomikal atau hospitality acquired pneumonia,
yang berarti penyakit peumonia tersebut di dapatkan saat pasien berada
di rumah sakit atau tempat pelayanan kesehatan.
Klebsiella pneumonia umumnya menyerang orang dengan kekebalan tubuh lemah, seperti
alkoholis, orang dengan penyakit diabetes dan orang dengan penyakit
kronik paru-paru.
Klebsiella pneumonia dapat menyebabkan penyakit karena mempunyai dua tipe antigen pada permukaan selnya:
• Antigen O
Antigen O adalah lipopolisakarida yang terdapat dalam
sembilan varietas.
• Antigen K
Antigen K adalah polisakarida yang dikelilingi oleh
kapsula dengan lebih dari 80 varietas.
Kedua antigen ini meningkatkan patogenitas Klebsiella pneumonia.
Selain itu, Klebsiella pneumonia mampu memproduksi enzim ESBL (Extended Spektrum Beta Lactamase) yang dapat melumpuhkan kerja berbagai jenis antibiotik. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan bakteri kebal dan menjadi sulit dilumpuhkan.
Cara penularan ( infeksi ) dari Klebsiella pneumonia pada pasien rawat inap dapat melalui 3 cara, yaitu :
1. Aspirasi cairan gaster atau orofaring yang mengandung
koloni kuman patogen.
2. Penyebaran kuman secara hematogen ke paru
3. Penyebaran melalui udara oleh aerosol atau
droplet yang mengandung mikroba.
Gejala-gejala seseorang yang terinfeksi Klebsiella pneumonia adalah napas cepat dan napas sesak, karena paru meradang secara mendadak. Batas napas cepat adalah frekuensi pernapasan sebanyak 50 kali per menit atau lebih pada anak usia 2 bulan sampai kurang dari 1 tahun, dan 40 kali permenit atau lebih pada anak usia 1 tahun sampai kurang dari 5 tahun. Pneumonia Berat ditandai dengan adanya batuk atau (juga disertai) kesukaran bernapas, napas sesak atau penarikan dinding dada sebelah bawah ke dalam (severe chest indrawing) pada anak usia 2 bulan sampai kurang dari 5 tahun. Pada kelompok usia ini dikenal juga Pneumonia sangat berat, dengan gejala batuk, kesukaran bernapas disertai gejala sianosis sentral dan tidak dapat minum. Sementara untuk anak dibawah 2 bulan, pnemonia berat ditandai dengan frekuensi pernapasan sebanyak 60 kali permenit atau lebih atau (juga disertai) penarikan kuat pada dinding dada sebelah bawah ke dalam, batuk-batuk, perubahan karakteristik dahak, suhu tubuh lebih dari 38 ยบ C. Gejala yang lain, yaitu apabila pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan suara napas bronkhial, bronkhi dan leukosit lebih dari 10.000 atau kurang dari 4500/uL.
Pada pasien usia lanjut atau pasien dengan respon imun rendah, gejala pneumonia tidak khas, yaitu berupa gejala non pernafasan seperti pusing, perburukan dari penyakit yang sudah ada sebelumnya dan pingsan. Biasanya frekuensi napas bertambah cepat dan jarang ditemukan demam. Beberapa jenis Klebsiella pneumonia dapat diobati dengan antibiotik, khususnya antibiotik yang mengandung cincin beta-laktam.
Contoh antibiotik tersebut adalah ampicillin, carbenicillin, amoxicilline, dll.
Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Klebsiella pneumonia memiliki sensitivitas 98,4% terhadap meropenem, 98,2% terhadap imipenem, 92,5% terhadap kloramfenikol, 80 % terhadap siprofloksasin, dan 2% terhadap ampisilin.
Strain baru dari Klebsiella pneumoniakebal terhadap berbagai jenis antibiotik dan sampai sekarang masih dilakukan penelitian untuk menemukan obat yang tepat untuk menghambat aktivitas atau bahkan membunuh bakteri tersebut.
nah, sdh kebayang kan gw maen-maen dgn bakteri yg gmn?? so, pesen gw bwt kalian, jgn maen-maen di lab mikrobiologi!! karena disana byk bakteri berbahaya!! wehhe..
source: mikrobia2.files.wordpress.com
Jumat, 21 November 2008
Minggu, 16 November 2008
List of Winner of MKMF 2008
Guys,, it's the list of winner of MKMF last night. Congrats for them!!
Female newcomer award - Davichi
Male newcomer award - SHINee
Best Ballad and R&B - Brown Eyes
Auction Style Award - Dong Bang Shin Ki
Auction Netizen Popularity Award - Dong Bang Shin Ki (dedicating the award to Cassiopeia)
Overseas Viewers Award - Dong Bang Shin Ki
Album of the year - Dong Bang Shin Ki
Dance Music Award - Lee Hyori
Best Female Singer - Lee Hyori
OST award - Kim Jong Wook and SG Wannabe ‘East of Eden OST’ (SG Wannabe couldn’t be present today, they are in Japan for their promotion)
MKMF Special Award - Shin Seung Hoon
House and Electronic music - Jewelry
Hip Hop music award - Epik High
Rock Music Award - Nell
MKMF 10 anniversary commemorative award - Group HOT (Received by Moon Hee Jun)
Best Female Group - WonderGirls
Song of the Year - WonderGirls ( Nobody)
Best Male Group + Artist of the Year - Big Bang
credit = AF
source = Lautan indonesia.com
Female newcomer award - Davichi
Male newcomer award - SHINee
Best Ballad and R&B - Brown Eyes
Auction Style Award - Dong Bang Shin Ki
Auction Netizen Popularity Award - Dong Bang Shin Ki (dedicating the award to Cassiopeia)
Overseas Viewers Award - Dong Bang Shin Ki
Album of the year - Dong Bang Shin Ki
Dance Music Award - Lee Hyori
Best Female Singer - Lee Hyori
OST award - Kim Jong Wook and SG Wannabe ‘East of Eden OST’ (SG Wannabe couldn’t be present today, they are in Japan for their promotion)
MKMF Special Award - Shin Seung Hoon
House and Electronic music - Jewelry
Hip Hop music award - Epik High
Rock Music Award - Nell
MKMF 10 anniversary commemorative award - Group HOT (Received by Moon Hee Jun)
Best Female Group - WonderGirls
Song of the Year - WonderGirls ( Nobody)
Best Male Group + Artist of the Year - Big Bang
credit = AF
source = Lautan indonesia.com
Wonder Girls performance in MKMF 2008
Watch it!!
I love them!!
They're so beautiful..
Wonder Girls won Best female group and song of the year..
hwaaa... hwaiting for wonder girls!!!
This is the video,, enjoy it..!
I love them!!
They're so beautiful..
Wonder Girls won Best female group and song of the year..
hwaaa... hwaiting for wonder girls!!!
This is the video,, enjoy it..!
tags:
Kpop,
Music,
video,
Wonder Girls
Sabtu, 01 November 2008
Lyric: Bigbang - Number 1
I just post their lyric, not their MV, , i'm sorry bout that..
enjoy it..
(click the pic to download Bigbang-Number 1.mp3 with mediafire)
credit: bigbangkorean.wordpress.com
(Wanna request or share lyrics? download links? just go HERE)
BIGBANG - NUMBER 1
Let me introduce myself!
BIGBANG. Yeah~
Are you ready for the show~!!!
I’ll be ready in an hour, jump in the shower
Crisp and clean now I got the power
Blasting music from my speakers
T-shirts fresh, brand new sneakers
Ready to flow, ready to go,
Ready for the spot light, ready for the show
Let me tell you something that you already know
I’m a hardworking man and I work for my fans.
Girl, I love your style, love your smile
Wish that you could be
Only mine, be only mine (fa’sho)
I can’t let it go, I don’t know
What you’re doin’ to me (yeah)
You’re so fine (yeah uh huh) , oh you’re so fine (let’s go)
Gettin’ hot in the club, I can see they want some more
(I will give you more; I’m your number one)
Once I get up I will rock, never stop, you can be sure
(Yeah you can be sure; I’m your number one)
I, (uh) you know I (yes) you know I (yo)
I’m your number one. (I’m your number one)
Crazy hot, mad party
Shorty drop it low for me
You can keep me company
You look sweet smell like honey
I need a girl who is in it for me.
Not for the money, not for the fame,
Not for the glory, not for the name.
It ain’t easy cause all they just sayin' is…
“Boy I love your style, I love your smile
Wish that you could be
Only mine be only mine (fa’sho)
I can’t let it go, I don’t know
What you’re doin’ to me
You’re so fine, ooh you’re so fine”
Gettin’ hot in the club, I can see they want some more~
(I will give you more; I’m your number one)
Once I get up I will rock, never stop, you can be sure~
(Yeah you can be sure; I’m your number one)
I, (you know I) you know I, (yeah you know I) you know I
I’m you’re number one
We jump, jump, jump to the ceiling (everybody in the place c’mon now)
We jump, jump, jump what a feeling, feeling~
We jump, jump, jump to the ceiling, ceiling (once again BIGBANG c’mon)
We jump, jump, jump, what a feeling, feeling~
(naaaaa meeeeannnn!?!)
Gettin’ hot in the club [yeah], I can see they want some more~ [you want some more]
(I will give you more [I give you more]; I’m your number one)
Once I get up I will rock [rock rock rock] , never stop, you can be sure~ [you can be sure]
(Yeah you can be sure; I’m your number one)
Gettin’ hot in the club, I can see they want some more~ (oh its getting hot in here~)
(I will give you more; I’m your number one)
Once I get up I will rock, never stop, you can be sure~
(Yeah you can be sure; I’m your number one)
I, (you know I) you know I, (yeah you know I) you know I
I’m you’re number one (I’m.your.number.one)
source: iMonTOP@community.livejournal.com
enjoy it..
(click the pic to download Bigbang-Number 1.mp3 with mediafire)
credit: bigbangkorean.wordpress.com
(Wanna request or share lyrics? download links? just go HERE)
BIGBANG - NUMBER 1
Let me introduce myself!
BIGBANG. Yeah~
Are you ready for the show~!!!
I’ll be ready in an hour, jump in the shower
Crisp and clean now I got the power
Blasting music from my speakers
T-shirts fresh, brand new sneakers
Ready to flow, ready to go,
Ready for the spot light, ready for the show
Let me tell you something that you already know
I’m a hardworking man and I work for my fans.
Girl, I love your style, love your smile
Wish that you could be
Only mine, be only mine (fa’sho)
I can’t let it go, I don’t know
What you’re doin’ to me (yeah)
You’re so fine (yeah uh huh) , oh you’re so fine (let’s go)
Gettin’ hot in the club, I can see they want some more
(I will give you more; I’m your number one)
Once I get up I will rock, never stop, you can be sure
(Yeah you can be sure; I’m your number one)
I, (uh) you know I (yes) you know I (yo)
I’m your number one. (I’m your number one)
Crazy hot, mad party
Shorty drop it low for me
You can keep me company
You look sweet smell like honey
I need a girl who is in it for me.
Not for the money, not for the fame,
Not for the glory, not for the name.
It ain’t easy cause all they just sayin' is…
“Boy I love your style, I love your smile
Wish that you could be
Only mine be only mine (fa’sho)
I can’t let it go, I don’t know
What you’re doin’ to me
You’re so fine, ooh you’re so fine”
Gettin’ hot in the club, I can see they want some more~
(I will give you more; I’m your number one)
Once I get up I will rock, never stop, you can be sure~
(Yeah you can be sure; I’m your number one)
I, (you know I) you know I, (yeah you know I) you know I
I’m you’re number one
We jump, jump, jump to the ceiling (everybody in the place c’mon now)
We jump, jump, jump what a feeling, feeling~
We jump, jump, jump to the ceiling, ceiling (once again BIGBANG c’mon)
We jump, jump, jump, what a feeling, feeling~
(naaaaa meeeeannnn!?!)
Gettin’ hot in the club [yeah], I can see they want some more~ [you want some more]
(I will give you more [I give you more]; I’m your number one)
Once I get up I will rock [rock rock rock] , never stop, you can be sure~ [you can be sure]
(Yeah you can be sure; I’m your number one)
Gettin’ hot in the club, I can see they want some more~ (oh its getting hot in here~)
(I will give you more; I’m your number one)
Once I get up I will rock, never stop, you can be sure~
(Yeah you can be sure; I’m your number one)
I, (you know I) you know I, (yeah you know I) you know I
I’m you’re number one (I’m.your.number.one)
source: iMonTOP@community.livejournal.com
SNSD (Roommate) - Bad Oppa
Lagi suka banget dgn lagu ini.. Kya kya...
Lagunya ringan.. enak..MVnya juga lucu....
br kali ini gw suka dgn SNSD!!! hha...
ni MVnya..
hope u like this song like me.. hoho..
(Wanna request or share lyrics? download links? just go HERE)
Lagunya ringan.. enak..MVnya juga lucu....
br kali ini gw suka dgn SNSD!!! hha...
ni MVnya..
hope u like this song like me.. hoho..
(Wanna request or share lyrics? download links? just go HERE)
Lyric: SS501 - Never Again
Duuh,, ni lagu enak banget.. tapi ga terlalu suka dgn MVnya..
cm slide-slide poto doank..
ni gw share brg videonya..
Plus Liriknyaa..
(Wanna request or share lyrics? download links? just go HERE)
SS501 - Never Again
[HyungJoon] NaeGae MalEul HaJi GeuRaetNi Nae GyutAe DaReun SaRam SaengGyutDaNeun SaShil
MoDeun Gul BhadAhDeulEeKiAen NaeGa JookGo ShipEul ManKkeum AhPpeun IllEe DwaeGaetJiMan
[HyunJoong] NuhWa HamKke EetNeun Geu Ae ApAe Na HonJa MuhMootGuhRiMyu SuhEetDun GeuDdae
[YoungSaeng] GeuRae NuhReul GeuNyang BoNen Gae JalHanGuRa SaengGakHaetJiMan
Nae Mam NuhMoo AhPa OhNeunGul
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[YoungSaeng] Baby I don¡¯t wanna love again DaShin Nal CchatJi AhnKgiReul
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[YoungSaeng] Baby I know NuhYea YokShimManKkeum Nul ChaeWooJi MotHan Na
(Yeah~)
[GyuJong] MaJiMak NuhAeGae HaGo ShipEun Mal GaKkeumEun EeRuhKkae Nae DdeutGwa DaReun NaYea Salm
[HyunJoong] NaAeGae NiGa JunBooYutSuhtNeunDae NuhMoo JaNinHan Ni NoonBit Nal MooNuhDdeuRyutJi
[JungMin] NuhWa HamKke EetNeun Geu Ae ApAe Na HonJa MuhMootGuRiMyu SuhEetDun Gue Ddae
[YoungSaeng] GeuRae NuhReul GeuNyang BoNen Gae JalHanGuhRa SaengGakHaetJiMan Nae Mahm NuhMoo AhPa OhNeunGul
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[YoungSaeng] Baby I don¡¯t wanna love again DaShin Nal CchatJi AhnKkiReul
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[YounSaeng] Baby I know NuhYea YokShimManKkeum Nul CchaeWooJi MotHan Na Yeah
[HyungJoon] EeMee OhRaeJunAe Nul DduhNatSsuhYa HaetNeunDae NaeGA BaBoYutSuh Yeah
NuhYea GiUk HanGguhBunAe Da MoDoo Da Yeah JiOolLae
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[HyungJoon] Oh I don't wanna love again
I don't I don't I don't baby I don't wanna love you can't you see my darling
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[HyungJoon] Oh I don¡¯t wanna love again Nul CchaeWooJi MotHan Na
[JungMin] Baby I boat say that is now I don't need a anymore
Credits: yeucahat.com
cm slide-slide poto doank..
ni gw share brg videonya..
Plus Liriknyaa..
(Wanna request or share lyrics? download links? just go HERE)
SS501 - Never Again
[HyungJoon] NaeGae MalEul HaJi GeuRaetNi Nae GyutAe DaReun SaRam SaengGyutDaNeun SaShil
MoDeun Gul BhadAhDeulEeKiAen NaeGa JookGo ShipEul ManKkeum AhPpeun IllEe DwaeGaetJiMan
[HyunJoong] NuhWa HamKke EetNeun Geu Ae ApAe Na HonJa MuhMootGuhRiMyu SuhEetDun GeuDdae
[YoungSaeng] GeuRae NuhReul GeuNyang BoNen Gae JalHanGuRa SaengGakHaetJiMan
Nae Mam NuhMoo AhPa OhNeunGul
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[YoungSaeng] Baby I don¡¯t wanna love again DaShin Nal CchatJi AhnKgiReul
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[YoungSaeng] Baby I know NuhYea YokShimManKkeum Nul ChaeWooJi MotHan Na
(Yeah~)
[GyuJong] MaJiMak NuhAeGae HaGo ShipEun Mal GaKkeumEun EeRuhKkae Nae DdeutGwa DaReun NaYea Salm
[HyunJoong] NaAeGae NiGa JunBooYutSuhtNeunDae NuhMoo JaNinHan Ni NoonBit Nal MooNuhDdeuRyutJi
[JungMin] NuhWa HamKke EetNeun Geu Ae ApAe Na HonJa MuhMootGuRiMyu SuhEetDun Gue Ddae
[YoungSaeng] GeuRae NuhReul GeuNyang BoNen Gae JalHanGuhRa SaengGakHaetJiMan Nae Mahm NuhMoo AhPa OhNeunGul
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[YoungSaeng] Baby I don¡¯t wanna love again DaShin Nal CchatJi AhnKkiReul
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[YounSaeng] Baby I know NuhYea YokShimManKkeum Nul CchaeWooJi MotHan Na Yeah
[HyungJoon] EeMee OhRaeJunAe Nul DduhNatSsuhYa HaetNeunDae NaeGA BaBoYutSuh Yeah
NuhYea GiUk HanGguhBunAe Da MoDoo Da Yeah JiOolLae
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[HyungJoon] Oh I don't wanna love again
I don't I don't I don't baby I don't wanna love you can't you see my darling
[SS501] I don't wanna love again
[HyungJoon] Oh I don¡¯t wanna love again Nul CchaeWooJi MotHan Na
[JungMin] Baby I boat say that is now I don't need a anymore
Credits: yeucahat.com
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